TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

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TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#1

Post by kt4hx »


Hey there, it’s a new month! That means that once again it is time for me to share with you a few objects that I hope you will add to your normal observing sessions this month. The objects highlighted this time around are so popular and impressive that I am sure many of you likely already have plans to swing by them over the next couple of months should they grace your sky and even had I not highlighted them.

For the northern folks we will stick with a galaxy trio in Andromeda that is a perennial favorite, and often the first galaxy targets many beginners seek out. You southern folks have a couple of globular clusters, one of which is one of the most glorious objects in the night sky. Plus a bright galaxy that is another one of the night sky’s true treasures.

So get out your scopes and eyepieces, your charts (paper or electronic), your imaging equipment and/or your sketching pad and tools and get busy. Report back here of your results so we can all share in your experiences with this month’s sky treasures. We are all part of one of the greatest hobbies one can have – spending our free time communing with the night sky and all the glorious sights that it spreads out before us.


Northern Celestial Hemisphere

Messier 31 / NGC 224 (Andromeda, spiral galaxy, mag=3.4, size= 3.2ºx1º, SBr=13.3):
The famous Andromeda Galaxy is one of the first galaxies, if not the first, that a great number of beginners pursue and try to observe. It was first mentioned by the Persian astronomer Al-Sûfi as a "nebulous smear" in his "Book of Fixed Stars" (964 AD). The first recorded telescopic observations were made by the German astronomer Simon Marius in 1612. He described its appearance as "resembling the light of a burning candle, at some distance, shining through translucent horn." It eventually found its way into Charles Messier’s catalogue of deep sky objects. It was not until 1925 (thanks to Edwin Hubble) that it was recognized to be a distant galaxy, like our own, having been considered a nebula within the Milky Way until that time.

We are blessed to have this beautiful galaxy close enough that we can observe it through our instruments. Those dealing with noticeable light pollution often only glimpse the central portion of its galactic disk in and round the core. The dimmer outer arms may be washed out. From dark skies we can begin to see the outer structure visually as well as some inner details. Its bright visual magnitude can lead to confusion about its visual appearance. Because of its very large angular size, that light is spread out leading to lower surface brightness as seen by the numbers above. That is why it never appears visually to its full angular extent. Regardless, it is a glorious object in our backyard at a mere 2.2 million light years distance. Enjoy it whether you observe visually, do imaging or like to sit at the scope for extended periods to sketch what you see.

Messier 32 / NGC 221 (Andromeda, elliptical galaxy, mag=8.1, size=8.5’x6.5’, SBr=12.2):
This satellite galaxy of Messier 31 is not difficult to pick up when one is observing M31. It is located just over 24 minutes of arc south of the core of its dominant partner. When one is observing from brighter locations it often appears well separated from M31 visually due to the observer only being able to see the central portion of the larger galaxy. From darker locations, M32 appears very near or slightly involved in the outer edges of M31’s outer extensions. Appearing mostly as a small rounded evenly illuminated glow, it can give the impression of being an unresolved globular cluster.

Discovered by Guillaume Le Gentil in 1749, it was independently discovered by Messier. He was observing M31 in 1757 unaware of Le Gentil’s find and noted the presence of a second nebula, which was added to his list of objects. Of the two main satellite galaxies of M31, this one is the easiest to see in our scopes.

Messier 110 / NGC 205 (Andromeda, elliptical galaxy, mag=8.1, size=19.5’x11.5’, SBr=13.7):
This elliptical galaxy, which is also a satellite of M31, can often be a source of consternation for beginning observers. While it has a comparable visual magnitude to that of M32, its larger angular size reduces its surface brightness noticeably relative to M32. From areas of increased light pollution, in my experience, I can always see M32 but have sometimes not been able to see M110 if transparency happens to be weak. When visible it typically will appear as a small and smooth oval disk, well removed about 36.5 minutes of arc to the northwest of the core of M31.

This galaxy was ostensibly discovered by Caroline Herschel in 1783. Though observed a full decade earlier by Charles Messier, this fact was not published until 1798, well after the Herschel observations. This fact was ignored by Dryer when compiling the New General Catalogue (NGC), which continued to give discovery credit to Caroline Herschel. In the below drawing of M31 by Messier and published in 1807, one can clearly see he has depicted both M32 and M110. In 1966 Kenneth Glyn Jones thought is appropriate to add this object to the long posthumous Messier catalogue as object #110. So in the end, with all the facts known, it certainly appears that Messier deserves credit for this object’s discovery.

m31m.jpg


Southern Celestial Hemisphere

NGC 104 (Tucana, globular cluster, mag=3.8, size=30.9’, class=3):
Known by the stellar designation of 47 Tucannae as designated in Bode’s 1801 catalogue, discovery credit is given to Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille during the 1751-52 timeframe when he was observing from South Africa with his ½ inch telescope that could see its non-stellar character. He described it as looking "like the nucleus of a fairly bright comet."

This globular is one of the grandest showpieces in our visible universe. Slightly dimmer than NGC 5139 (Omega Centauri), it gives up little in beauty to that amazing cluster. This object, when seen at higher elevations above the horizon puts on a stunning show in most any aperture. Then as aperture increases it fills the field with an unfathomable number of stars at the periphery which continue to compress into a blazing unresolved core. Turn your scope its way and feast your eyes on a spectacular sight.

NGC 253 (Sculptor, barred spiral galaxy, mag=7.2, size=29.0’x6.8’, SBr=12.2):
Known colloquially as the “Silver Dollar Galaxy”, the “Silver Coin Galaxy” and even “Caroline’s Galaxy”, it was indeed discovered by Caroline Herschel in 1783. Per her brother William’s notes, she observed it with a "small Newtonian Sweeper of 27 inches focal length, and a power of 30." In the NGC, Dreyer described it as "a most remarkable object, very very bright, very very large, very much extended, gradually brighter middle."

This treasure of the night sky is easy to pick up in binoculars and as aperture increases, so do the visual rewards. Seen from brighter areas one can make out an elongated oval of uneven brightness. From darker areas, this uneven appearance manifests itself into a heavily mottled appearance, with a weak and broadly brighter central region. The higher one can see it above the elevation the better it appears. However, even mid-northern latitude observers can get a decent show from this object, particularly if they can get themselves to a darker location.

NGC 288 (Sculptor, globular cluster, mag=8.1, size=13.8’, class=10):
Less than 2° southeast of NGC 253 one can find this nice globular. While certainly not in the class of NGC 104 and other bright globulars, it can still present a nice view, particularly for those in darker locations. It is bright enough to pick up in binoculars, but looks better with a bit more aperture. Through mid-sized apertures it can appear granular, just at the edge of resolution. With a little more aperture, some resolution is possible, overlaying a persistent backdrop haziness of unresolved members. The core is not dense, thus its surface brightness is a little lower overall than some more compressed globulars.

Missed by Caroline when she discovered NGC 253 in 1783, it was discovered by her brother William just two years later. His notes state that “a great many of the stars visible, so that there can remain no doubt but that it is a cluster of vS (very Small) stars." Take a look at this cluster and see how it appears to you. As with most objects, each set of eyes can see things subtly different. It is a quick hop from the beautiful NGC 253 and very worth the time to look it over.


That is it for this month. Nice objects to add your plans, and as I mentioned above, some of them may well already be in your sights over the coming nights anyway. So let’s get out there and enjoy what the night sky has for us to enjoy. It’s a show with free admission – well other than the equipment needed to see the show in detail that is. :) So have fun and learn which in turn increases the fun aspect!
Alan

Scopes: Astro Sky 17.5 f/4.5 Dob || Apertura AD12 f/5 Dob || Zhumell Z10 f/4.9 Dob ||
ES AR127 f/6.5 || ES ED80 f/6 || Apertura 6" f/5 Newtonian
Mounts: ES Twilight-II and Twilight-I
EPs: AT 82° 28mm UWA || TV Ethos 100° 21mm and 13mm || Vixen LVW 65° 22mm ||
ES 82° 18mm || Pentax XW 70° 10mm, 7mm and 5mm || barlows
Filters (2 inch): DGM NPB || Orion Ultra Block, O-III and Sky Glow || Baader HaB
Primary Field Atlases: Uranometria All-Sky Edition and Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas
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"Astronomers, we look into the past to see our future." (me)
"Seeing is in some respect an art, which must be learnt." (William Herschel)
"What we know is a drop, what we don't know is an ocean." (Sir Isaac Newton)
"No good deed goes unpunished." (various)
Some people without brains do an awful lot of talking, don't you think?” (Scarecrow, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz)
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#2

Post by Bigzmey »


Great choice of targets Alan! One can't consider them self an astronomer without observing Andromeda Galaxy with satellites.
Scopes: Stellarvue: SV102ED; Celestron: 9.25" EdgeHD, 8" SCT, 150ST, Onyx 80ED; iOptron: Hankmeister 6" Mak; SW: 7" Mak; Meade: 80ST.
Mounts: SW: SkyTee2, AzGTi; iOptron: AZMP; ES: Twilight I; Bresser: EXOS2; UA: MicroStar.
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EPs: Pentax: XWs & XFs; TeleVue: Delites, Panoptic & Plossls; ES: 68, 62; Vixen: SLVs; Baader: BCOs, Aspherics, Mark IV.
Diagonals: Baader: BBHS mirror, Zeiss Spec T2 prism, Clicklock dielectric; TeleVue: Evebrite dielectric; AltairAstro: 2" prism.
Filters: Lumicon: DeepSky, UHC, OIII, H-beta; Baader: Moon & SkyGlow, Contrast Booster, UHC-S, 6-color set; Astronomik: UHC.

Observing: DSOs: 3106 (Completed: Messier, Herschel 1, 2, 3. In progress: H2,500: 2180, S110: 77). Doubles: 2382, Comets: 34, Asteroids: 255
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#3

Post by kt4hx »


Bigzmey wrote: Sat Oct 02, 2021 12:17 am Great choice of targets Alan! One can't consider them self an astronomer without observing Andromeda Galaxy with satellites.
Thank you Andrey. The Andromeda Trio is the kinds of objects that we all cut our observing teeth on and are ones that are observed over and over again by a great number of us - with good reason. :)
Alan

Scopes: Astro Sky 17.5 f/4.5 Dob || Apertura AD12 f/5 Dob || Zhumell Z10 f/4.9 Dob ||
ES AR127 f/6.5 || ES ED80 f/6 || Apertura 6" f/5 Newtonian
Mounts: ES Twilight-II and Twilight-I
EPs: AT 82° 28mm UWA || TV Ethos 100° 21mm and 13mm || Vixen LVW 65° 22mm ||
ES 82° 18mm || Pentax XW 70° 10mm, 7mm and 5mm || barlows
Filters (2 inch): DGM NPB || Orion Ultra Block, O-III and Sky Glow || Baader HaB
Primary Field Atlases: Uranometria All-Sky Edition and Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Astronomers, we look into the past to see our future." (me)
"Seeing is in some respect an art, which must be learnt." (William Herschel)
"What we know is a drop, what we don't know is an ocean." (Sir Isaac Newton)
"No good deed goes unpunished." (various)
Some people without brains do an awful lot of talking, don't you think?” (Scarecrow, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz)
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#4

Post by Piet Le Roux »


Thanks for the Southern Celestial challenges Allen. Our club will be having a open evening tonight at Boyden observatory and it just so happens that I picked the first 8 objects
of the ASSA top 100 list as part of the observation list for tonight and your 3 southern objects are included in my list!(coincidentally). The first 8 on the ASSA 100 list are: 1# NGC 55, 2# NGC 104, #3 NGC247, #4 NGC246, #5 NGC 253, #6 NGC 288, #7 NGC292 and #8 NGC362. If the weather permits I can report back on your 3 tomorrow.
Main Equipment : Tele Vue 27mm Panoptic, 7&13mm Nagler, Big Barlow : 8" Meade LX90ACF with Meade 2.0" Enhanced Diagonal : Camera Fuji XT100
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#5

Post by KingNothing13 »


Good list Alan - Most nights, when it is up, I will check out M31, and likely not log it! I will have to do a proper observation of the 3 again for the challenge!
-- Brett

Scope: Apertura AD10 with Nexus II with 8192/716000 Step Encoders
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#6

Post by kt4hx »


Piet Le Roux wrote: Sat Oct 02, 2021 10:01 am Thanks for the Southern Celestial challenges Allen. Our club will be having a open evening tonight at Boyden observatory and it just so happens that I picked the first 8 objects
of the ASSA top 100 list as part of the observation list for tonight and your 3 southern objects are included in my list!(coincidentally). The first 8 on the ASSA 100 list are: 1# NGC 55, 2# NGC 104, #3 NGC247, #4 NGC246, #5 NGC 253, #6 NGC 288, #7 NGC292 and #8 NGC362. If the weather permits I can report back on your 3 tomorrow.
Thank you Piet and very happy to have some activity from south of the equator. All the objects you mentioned are wonderful and I have observed most of them over the years. Looking forward to your results for this month's challenges.
Alan

Scopes: Astro Sky 17.5 f/4.5 Dob || Apertura AD12 f/5 Dob || Zhumell Z10 f/4.9 Dob ||
ES AR127 f/6.5 || ES ED80 f/6 || Apertura 6" f/5 Newtonian
Mounts: ES Twilight-II and Twilight-I
EPs: AT 82° 28mm UWA || TV Ethos 100° 21mm and 13mm || Vixen LVW 65° 22mm ||
ES 82° 18mm || Pentax XW 70° 10mm, 7mm and 5mm || barlows
Filters (2 inch): DGM NPB || Orion Ultra Block, O-III and Sky Glow || Baader HaB
Primary Field Atlases: Uranometria All-Sky Edition and Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Astronomers, we look into the past to see our future." (me)
"Seeing is in some respect an art, which must be learnt." (William Herschel)
"What we know is a drop, what we don't know is an ocean." (Sir Isaac Newton)
"No good deed goes unpunished." (various)
Some people without brains do an awful lot of talking, don't you think?” (Scarecrow, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz)
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#7

Post by kt4hx »


KingNothing13 wrote: Sat Oct 02, 2021 4:39 pm Good list Alan - Most nights, when it is up, I will check out M31, and likely not log it! I will have to do a proper observation of the 3 again for the challenge!
Thank you Brett. Like yourself, I often re-visit objects without formally logging them or making notes. I've seen some objects so many times that I simply don't bother making more notes on them any longer. Look forward to seeing your "new" results. :)
Alan

Scopes: Astro Sky 17.5 f/4.5 Dob || Apertura AD12 f/5 Dob || Zhumell Z10 f/4.9 Dob ||
ES AR127 f/6.5 || ES ED80 f/6 || Apertura 6" f/5 Newtonian
Mounts: ES Twilight-II and Twilight-I
EPs: AT 82° 28mm UWA || TV Ethos 100° 21mm and 13mm || Vixen LVW 65° 22mm ||
ES 82° 18mm || Pentax XW 70° 10mm, 7mm and 5mm || barlows
Filters (2 inch): DGM NPB || Orion Ultra Block, O-III and Sky Glow || Baader HaB
Primary Field Atlases: Uranometria All-Sky Edition and Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Astronomers, we look into the past to see our future." (me)
"Seeing is in some respect an art, which must be learnt." (William Herschel)
"What we know is a drop, what we don't know is an ocean." (Sir Isaac Newton)
"No good deed goes unpunished." (various)
Some people without brains do an awful lot of talking, don't you think?” (Scarecrow, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz)
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#8

Post by Graeme1858 »


First clear night for ages last night! So I pulled out the garden recliner and the 11x70 binoculars. I was out early before the Moon. I used Mirach to focus on, it was NASA's APOD today! M31 was easy to find just above. I looked for a while but the galaxy remained as a faint fuzzy. v And and 32 And below give an idea of M31's full extent but my view didn't come close. And no sign of M32 or M110. I dropped down to M45 and enjoyed that for a while! Then turned the chair round for a view of Jupiter and moons. I used the planet to recheck my focus. Moving back to M31, I had another go, my eyes had nearly half an hour to open up but still no sign of the satellites. I'll have another go a bit later when it's at a higher altitude. The 2.5 million year old photons in my eye thing is always a pleasure!

Regards

Graeme
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#9

Post by helicon »


Had a clear night last night so I took a shot at M33 (fail) and M31 through the 6" achro, I did notice that M110 was a bit fainter and a serious averted vision target at this lower range of aperture. I also had no luck with G1 this time around. I believe it requires ten inches (or more) for a positive ID.
-Michael
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#10

Post by Gordon »


Thanks Alan,

These are some great targets for beginners to give a try.

I'm laid up for a few weeks after having cataracts removed so can't do much right now! It's on my list for later however.

Really appreciate you putting these together for everyone!!!
Gordon
Scopes: Explore Scientific ED80CF, Skywatcher 200 Quattro Imaging Newt, SeeStar S50 for EAA.
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#11

Post by John Baars »


M31 was the first extra-galactic galaxy I ever observed as a 15 year old boy with my 7X35 binoculars.Three years later with my 7X50's . Several years later I observed through my 60mm refractor and found it a bit dissapointing compared with binoculars. Only until I was on holiday in a dark location with my 60mm frac. that I saw the first dust lanes in M31 and noticed M32. Funny that such a well known galaxy has that humble appearance in a telescope.
Refractors in frequency of use : *SW Evostar 120ED F/7.5 (all round ), * Vixen 102ED F/9 (vintage), both on Vixen GPDX.
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#12

Post by Graeme1858 »


It rained all morning yesterday with howling winds. But then the clouds moved away and the jet stream moved south looping over France. The sky as the sun went down was clear again. So I got the binoculars out again and cruised about as my eyes adapted. I looked at M31 but decided to wait for better dark eye adaption before studying. So I moved to Jupiter and easily saw 3 moons to his East. Saturn, looked slightly elliptical and a lovely colour. Moving back to Andromeda, more prepared this time after studying Stellarium earlier, I looked for the shape of the 4 mag 7 stars below the galaxy. M32 is just east of the top one. So with averted vision the faintest of grey blur was just evident. Moving up, with the core of M31 in the centre of my field of view, at just less than half way to the edge, there was the other faint grey blur of M110!

Bit of a result then! And lots of fun pushing the combination of my excellent binoculars and my tired old eyes to the limit!

Good challenge Alan.

Regards

Graeme
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Re: TSS Monthly DSO Challenge – October 2021

#13

Post by kt4hx »


Thanks everyone and glad you all enjoyed the objects for October.

Good luck with your recovery Gordon.

Nice story John. From our dark site I've actually discerned the core as separate structure from the outer halo of M31 with the naked eye. The trio do present a nice challenge for those dealing with light pollution.

Well done Graeme. Persistence and planning paid off with a successful observation of the triplet!
Alan

Scopes: Astro Sky 17.5 f/4.5 Dob || Apertura AD12 f/5 Dob || Zhumell Z10 f/4.9 Dob ||
ES AR127 f/6.5 || ES ED80 f/6 || Apertura 6" f/5 Newtonian
Mounts: ES Twilight-II and Twilight-I
EPs: AT 82° 28mm UWA || TV Ethos 100° 21mm and 13mm || Vixen LVW 65° 22mm ||
ES 82° 18mm || Pentax XW 70° 10mm, 7mm and 5mm || barlows
Filters (2 inch): DGM NPB || Orion Ultra Block, O-III and Sky Glow || Baader HaB
Primary Field Atlases: Uranometria All-Sky Edition and Interstellarum Deep Sky Atlas
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
"Astronomers, we look into the past to see our future." (me)
"Seeing is in some respect an art, which must be learnt." (William Herschel)
"What we know is a drop, what we don't know is an ocean." (Sir Isaac Newton)
"No good deed goes unpunished." (various)
Some people without brains do an awful lot of talking, don't you think?” (Scarecrow, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz)
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